What does a research question define in the context of a study?

A research question is fundamental to any study as it outlines the specific inquiry that the research seeks to address. It serves as the guiding focus for the entire research process, helping to define both the scope of the study and the direction in which the researcher should proceed. By clearly articulating what the researcher aims to investigate, the research question sets the stage for developing hypotheses and selecting appropriate methodologies.

In contrast, a hypothesis is a testable prediction that arises from the research question, and while it is linked to the inquiry, it does not encapsulate the full extent of what is being explored. Methodology refers to the strategies and techniques employed to gather and analyze data; this is informed by the research question but is not the question itself. Finally, conclusions are the interpretations and implications drawn after the research has been conducted; they come as a result of answering the research question, rather than defining it. Thus, option B accurately captures the essence of a research question within the context of a study.